Ronald McNair

When Ronald McNair was 9 years old, he tried to check out some science textbooks from the public library near his home in South Carolina. A librarian refused, telling him the library was only for white residents. Ron persisted, so the librarian called the police, but...

Scott Joplin

Scott Joplin was the “king of ragtime,” a musical genre popularized in the U.S. in the early 20th century. Born in the late 1860s somewhere around Texarkana, Joplin began playing the piano as a child and was a traveling musician by the time he was a teen. Over the...

John M. Perkins

Born into poverty in 1930 in Mississippi, John M. Perkins rose to become a civil rights legend, counselor to presidents, a towering community development leader, and one of the most important voices for civil rights in the evangelical Christian community. Perkins left...

Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass never knew exactly when he was born, as birthdates were rarely recorded for slaves. But he chose to celebrate his birthday on February 14 because he liked the day for its emphasis on love and because he said he last saw his mother on...

Jackie Robinson

As a Los Angeles Dodgers fan, I get to claim some amazing history that comes with this team. Jackie Robinson became the first African American player in Major League Baseball when he started for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. Robinson became the star the Dodgers were...

Those Winter Sundays

By Robert Hayden Sundays too my father got up early and put his clothes on in the blueblack cold, then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather made banked fires blaze. No one ever thanked him. I’d wake and hear the cold splintering, breaking....

Mavis Staples

Mavis Staples began singing with her family in churches when she was 8 years old. At almost 87, she is still out there singing. After several hit gospel albums in the 1950s, the Staple Singers became the voice of the Civil Rights movement in the1960s. Mavis marched...

Greensboro Lunch Counter

On February 1, 1960, Ezell Blair Jr., Franklin McCain, Joseph McNeil, and David Richmond bought a few items at a Woolworth’s store in Greensboro, North Carolina, and then sat down at the store’s “whites-only” lunch counter and tried to place orders. Staff...

Katherine Johnson

Katherine Johnson was a brilliant mathematician who helped make NASA spaceflights possible. Johnson was one of the “West Area Computers,” Black, female mathematicians who did complicated calculations by hand that were essential for developments in flight and...